What type of doctrine does the International Criminal Court apply?

The International Criminal Court (ICC) operates under the doctrine of individual criminal responsibility. This foundational principle asserts that individuals, not states or organizations, can be held accountable for their actions under international law, particularly for serious crimes such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. This means that individuals can be prosecuted and punished, ensuring that personal accountability is a cornerstone of international justice.

The concept of individual criminal responsibility is crucial for deterring future atrocities, providing justice for victims, and reinforcing the rule of law at both national and international levels. By focusing on the individual as the subject of legal responsibility, the ICC emphasizes personal accountability and the moral and legal obligation individuals have to adhere to international human rights standards.

The other options mentioned do not pertain to the primary function of the ICC. Collective reparations typically refer to compensation provided to groups affected by violence or injustice, environmental rights focus on the right to a healthy environment, and maximum available resources is a term often related to economic and social rights, particularly in discussions of states' obligations under international human rights frameworks. None of these align with the ICC's specific role in prosecuting individual criminal accountability under international law.