Which of the following courts has binding human rights jurisdiction?

The European Court of Human Rights is the correct answer because it possesses binding human rights jurisdiction over the states that are parties to the European Convention on Human Rights. This court has the authority to make determinations that member states are obligated to follow, ensuring compliance with the standards set forth in the Convention. When the Court issues a ruling, the states involved must take measures to implement the decision, which can include changing laws, providing reparations to victims, or otherwise ensuring adherence to human rights obligations.

In contrast, while the International Court of Justice adjudicates on legal disputes between states and issues advisory opinions, it does not have the same binding authority specifically focused on human rights as the European Court does. The UN Human Rights Council, although vital in addressing human rights issues and promoting them globally, lacks the power to enforce binding decisions. The World Trade Organization primarily deals with trade regulations and does not have jurisdiction over human rights matters. Thus, the European Court of Human Rights stands out for its specific role and authority in binding human rights jurisdiction among European states.