Which of the following rights is considered an absolute right in the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)?

The prohibition of torture and inhuman treatment is recognized as an absolute right by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). This means that it cannot be derogated under any circumstances, even during times of emergency or war, as articulated in Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights.

This absolute nature reflects the international community's strong consensus on the need to protect individuals from such severe violations, which are universally condemned as undermining human dignity. The ECtHR has consistently held that any form of torture or inhuman or degrading treatment is absolutely prohibited and therefore not subject to balancing against other rights or considerations.

Other rights like freedom of expression, the right to privacy, and the right to assembly can be subject to restrictions or limitations under certain conditions established by law, and may not receive the same level of protection as the prohibition against torture. Therefore, while they are important rights, they do not hold the same absolute status as the prohibition of torture and inhuman treatment.